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Kanazawa University research: Atomic force microscopy in 3D

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KANAZAWA, Japan, July 2, 2024 /PRNewswire/ — Researchers at Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University report in Small Methods the 3D imaging of a suspended nanostructure. The technique used is an extension of atomic force microscopy and is a promising approach for visualizing various 3D biological systems.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was originally invented for visualizing surfaces with nanoscale resolution. Its basic working principle is to move an ultrathin tip over a sample’s surface. During this xy-scanning motion, the tip’s position in the direction perpendicular to the xy-plane follows the sample’s height profile, resulting in a height map of the surface. In recent years, ways to extend the method to three-dimensional (3D) imaging have been explored, with researchers from Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University reporting pioneering experiments on living cells. However, for 3D-AFM to evolve into a widely applicable technique for visualizing flexible molecular structures, a thorough understanding of the imaging mechanisms at play is necessary. Now, Takeshi Fukuma from Kanazawa University and colleagues have performed a detailed study of a specially designed flexible sample, providing essential insights into the theoretical basis and the interpretation of 3D-AFM experiments.

Using microfabrication tools, the scientists created a sample consisting of a carbon nanotube fiber resting on platinum pillars that in turn were positioned on a silicon substrate. A carbon nanotube is a structure that one can think of as a rolled-up, one-atom-thick carbon sheet. The freestanding portion of the nanotube was about 2 micrometers long. The whole structure was immersed in water, as many 3D biomolecular systems of interest occur in liquid environments.

Fukuma and colleagues then performed 3D-AFM experiments in two different modes. In static mode, the nanotip is lowered vertically towards the sample. When the tip makes contact with the suspended nanotube fiber, the latter gets pushed aside, and bends while the probe descends further. In dynamic mode, the tip, which is attached to a cantilever, is made to oscillate at a resonance frequency while being lowered. By analyzing how the force experienced by the tip changes as a function of the tip’s depth, the researchers concluded that the friction between the tip and the fiber is much larger in static mode compared to dynamic mode. The latter is therefore the mode of choice, as less friction means that potential damage to the sample is less likely.

The scientists performed computer simulations to model what happens when the tip reaches the carbon nanotube fiber. The simulations confirmed that the suspended nanotube displaces laterally, and that a continuously vibrating tip (as in dynamical mode) results in weaker forces experienced by the sample, hindering strong adhesion of the tip to the fiber.

Fukuma and colleagues then performed experiments with a carbon nanotube fiber suspended above a regular pattern of nano-sized platinum dots deposited on a silicon substrate. The measurements were done in dynamical mode. The reconstructed 3D map of the scanned volume clearly showed the fiber and the dots below it, underlining the capability of 3D-AFM to image vertically overlapping nanostructures.

These findings show that AFM can generally be applied to visualize flexible 3D structures. Quoting the scientists: “… the advancements made in this study may potentially lead to more detailed and accurate AFM analysis of various 3D biological systems such as cells, organelles, chromosomes, and vesicles.”

Background

Atomic force microscopy

The principle behind atomic force microscopy (AFM) is to scan the surface of a sample with a very small tip. During this horizontal (xy) scan, the tip, attached to a small cantilever, follows the sample’s vertical (z) profile, which induces a force on the cantilever that can be measured. The magnitude of the force at the xy position can be related to the z value. The xyz data generated during a scan then result in a height map providing structural information about the investigated sample. The cantilever can be made to oscillate near its resonance frequency, which is referred to as dynamic mode AFM. Not letting the cantilever oscillate is known as static mode AFM. In dynamic mode, when the tip is moved around a surface, the variations in the amplitude (or the frequency) of the cantilever’s oscillation — resulting from the tip’s interaction with the sample’s surface — are recorded, as these provide a measure for the local z value.

Takeshi Fukuma and colleagues have now provided a detailed AFM analysis of a 3D reference sample with nanosized features that could be reconstructed with high precision. The experiments and accompanying simulations confirm that AFM has the potential to become a robust method for the characterization of 3D nanosized objects, including biological systems.

Reference

Mohammad Shahidul Alam, Marcos Penedo, Takashi Sumikama, Keisuke Miyazawa, Kaori Hirahara, and Takeshi Fukuma. Revealing the Mechanism Underlying 3D-AFM Imaging of Suspended Structures by Experiments and Simulations, Small methods, 2400287  (2024). First published : 21 June 2024

DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400287

URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smtd.202400287

Figure 1. https://nanolsi.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/Figure-1-1.jpg 
Imaged nanostructure consisting of a suspended carbon nanotube with platinum nanodots beneath.

© 2024 Mohammad Shahidul Alam, et al., Small Methods published by Wiley-VCH GmbH

Contact

Hiroe Yoneda
Senior Specialist in Project Planning and Outreach
NanoLSI Administration Office, Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI)
Kanazawa University
Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Email: nanolsi-office@adm.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
Tel: +81 (76) 234-4555

About Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University

Understanding nanoscale mechanisms of life phenomena by exploring “uncharted nano-realms”

Cells are the basic units of almost all life forms. We are developing nanoprobe technologies that allow direct imaging, analysis, and manipulation of the behavior and dynamics of important macromolecules in living organisms, such as proteins and nucleic acids, at the surface and interior of cells. We aim at acquiring a fundamental understanding of the various life phenomena at the nanoscale.

https://nanolsi.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/en/

About the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI)

The WPI program was launched in 2007 by Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) to foster globally visible research centers boasting the highest standards and outstanding research environments. Numbering more than a dozen and operating at institutions throughout the country, these centers are given a high degree of autonomy, allowing them to engage in innovative modes of management and research. The program is administered by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

See the latest research news from the centers at the WPI News Portal: https://www.eurekalert.org/newsportal/WPI

Main WPI program site: 

www.jsps.go.jp/english/e-toplevel

About Kanazawa University

As the leading comprehensive university on the Sea of Japan coast, Kanazawa University has contributed greatly to higher education and academic research in Japan since it was founded in 1949. The University has three colleges and 17 schools offering courses in subjects that include medicine, computer engineering, and humanities.

The University is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan in Kanazawa – a city rich in history and culture. The city of Kanazawa has a highly respected intellectual profile since the time of the fiefdom (1598-1867). Kanazawa University is divided into two main campuses: Kakuma and Takaramachi for its approximately 10,200 students including 600 from overseas.

http://www.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/e/

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Unity: The Convergence of the Three Main Red Army Forces

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BEIJING, Oct. 21, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — An interview from China.org.cn with Wang Xiaohui and David Ferguson on the Long March:

Wang Xiaohui:

We have all been through something similar — a group of people disagreeing with one another, with each side holding sound reasons to believe their own judgment is correct.

In such moments, should they part ways, or find another path forward together?

David Ferguson:

The word “unity” is often understood as a strategy. People unite when they face a common enemy, and when that enemy disappears, the cooperation ends with it. But I’ve always wondered if there is a different kind of unity — one not forged by a common enemy, but by a common destination. A unity that isn’t temporary, that doesn’t fall apart the moment circumstances change. I wanted to find out.

Wang Xiaohui:

An arduous expedition like the Long March posed unparalleled trials for any military unit.

Bitter cold on snow-capped mountains, hidden mire across marshlands, and dangers lurking every step of the way; food and warm clothes were constantly scarce, while enemies and artillery fire were relentless. Even so, through the Long March, these poorly equipped and raggedly dressed Red Army troops remained tightly bonded as one.

This bond was not coerced by harsh military discipline, but arose spontaneously from every soldier’s heart. Before they even set off, shared ideals and conviction had already taken deep root within every soldier, steeling their resolve to follow the Communist Party of China without hesitation. Along the trail, officers and soldiers of the Red Army ate from the same pots and wore uniforms made from the same coarse cloth. High-ranking commanders like Zhu De and Peng Dehuai covered most of the journey on foot alongside their troops, leaving their horses to the ill and wounded, while splitting their last rations with soldiers. Amid food shortages, even when columns in the front discovered edible greens, they would never dig them all up; instead, they sent words to rear units so that all troops could share.

The Red Army’s unity took root in shared ideals, flourished under equal treatment for all, and was forged through countless moments of entrusting each other with their lives. It also became the unshakable foundation that carried them through every ordeal.

In the late autumn of 1936, the Loess Plateau in northwestern China witnessed two hopeful rendezvous, marking the Long March’s triumphant close. First in Huining, soldiers of the First and Fourth Front Armies embraced in a long-awaited reunion. Just over 10 days later, at Jiangtaibu, the waiting First Front Army finally greeted the travel-worn soldiers of the Second Front Army.

Many of these soldiers had never met before, yet they greeted one another like long-lost brothers, eyes brimming with tears as they clasped hands. Officers and soldiers of the First Front Army sent whatever supplies they had saved up to their brother troops. Three battle-hardened columns merged into a mighty iron stream across the plateau. Just one month later, they fought in coordinated formation to secure triumph in the battle of Shanchengbao, putting a glorious full stop to the Long March.

When scattered sparks merge, inherent unity surges into a mighty force, powerful enough to rewrite an army’s fate and shift the course of a nation’s history.

At the time, Japanese invaders advanced deeper into China, occupying more and more territory, yet the civil war persisted. The CPC clearly understood that brutal conflict among the Chinese would only play to the invaders’ hands, and only national unity could safeguard the motherland. The CPC publicly called for an end to the civil war and joint resistance against Japanese invaders, officially proposed to build the national united front against Japanese aggression, and even took the initiative to halt military operations and withdraw troops as a gesture of goodwill — when the survival of a nation hung by a thread, they chose to unite all Chinese people.

The two KMT officers, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, who were stationed in the northwest, witnessed the nation’s peril and were touched by the CPC’s advocacy of a united resistance. Resolved to collaborate with the CPC to fend off Japanese aggression, Zhang and Yang repeatedly pleaded with Chiang Kai-shek to shift focus to national defense, but to no avail. Ultimately, they detained Chiang by force, which later became known as the Xi’an Incident.

When word spread of Chiang’s detention, many assumed the CPC would demand a public trial, given years of bitter partisan strife. Instead, Zhou Enlai personally traveled to Xi’an with the CPC delegation to mediate, laying out the stakes for all parties concerned: executing Chiang would only result in a much larger-scale civil war, handing the Japanese aggressors golden opportunities to advance further into China. The only path to a promising future for the Chinese nation lay in a peaceful settlement that would compel Chiang to join the resistance against Japanese aggression.

Setting aside partisan divisions and prioritizing the supreme interests of the nation — this was the answer delivered by the CPC. At last, the Xi’an Incident was settled in peace, bringing an end to a decade of war. Since then, the Chinese nation finally stood united in fighting back against foreign invasion.

Nearly a century has passed, yet the spirit of unity forged on the Long March has never faded.

In September 1949, the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) was convened, officially instituting the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The spirit of solidarity tempered amid the Long March was thereafter embedded in the very fabric of China’s governance system, with unity becoming one of its enduring tenets.

From the early reconstruction years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, through the era of reform and opening up since 1978, to today’s march toward China’s modernization, each successive trial has burnished this core spirit of unity. In the fight against absolute poverty, the whole nation pulled together as a single force: the more developed eastern regions lent robust support to underdeveloped western regions, officials devoted themselves to working at grassroots communities, and local residents worked hard and strove for self-improvement. Together, hundreds of millions of Chinese worked to eradicate absolute poverty nationwide. When earthquakes and floods struck, rescue teams rushed to disaster zones from every corner of the country, while relief supplies and charitable donations poured in ceaselessly.

From the helping hands extended between soldiers along the Long March to the nationwide solidarity repeatedly demonstrated today, the essence of unity has never changed. It was the key that carried the Red Army through seemingly impossible odds, and it endures as China’s bedrock strength that propels China forward to this day.

David Ferguson:

After hearing the stories of the reunion of the three main forces of the Red Army and the Xi’an Incident, I found my answer.

The Long March showed me that unity is a condition for survival — not in the sense of “I need you for now, so let’s work together.” Rather, it was “We believe in a common cause, so we must stand together.” That kind of unity does not dissolve when the danger is gone, because it is rooted not in fear, but in conviction.

Whether I look at stories of the Long March or at China’s development today, what strikes me is not simply unity itself. What gives unity its power is the shared ideal that enables people to stand together, and the common mission that at critical moments, enables them to rise above the interests of the individual, of groups, and even of political parties.

Wang Xiaohui:

From the arduous trails of the Long March to the contemporary journey of national rejuvenation, when a group of people or a whole nation stand united around common ideals, they will always arrive at the future they hoped for, no matter how lengthy and winding the road ahead is.

China Mosaic 
http://www.china.org.cn/video/node_7230027.htm 

Unity: The Convergence of the Three Main Red Army Forces
http://www.china.org.cn/2026-10/20/content_118741729.shtml 

 

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SOURCE China.org.cn

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KingClean Debuts at the 140th Canton Fair with One-Stop ODM Solutions for Global Brands

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GUANGZHOU, China, Oct. 21, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — KingClean, a global leader in home appliances and cleaning solutions, showcased its latest smart home product line at the 140th Canton Fair, which includes cleaning appliances, kitchen and coffee equipment, drinking equipment, personal care and air comfort products. During the exhibition, KingClean held in-depth discussions with global channel partners at Booths E30–36 and F13–19, Hall 2.2, Zone A.

KingClean showcased over 40 innovative products. The cleaning appliances exhibition area covers cordless stick vacuum cleaners with docking stations, upright 3-in-1 wet-and-dry vacuum cleaner with steam, spot cleaner with steam, cordless mattress cleaners and canister. The kitchen appliance exhibition area showcases products such as cooking robot, commercial blenders, and fully automatic coffee machines. The water & beverage solutions area presents desktop intelligent water purifiers with functions of water purification, sparkling water, ice making, and tea brewing. In addition, KingClean balances personal care with environmental comfort, showcasing water-ion turbofan hair dryers, desktop air purifiers, and smart air circulation fans.

The collaboration between high-performance cleaning equipment and intelligent base stations is the key direction of this exhibition. The exhibits include cordless vacuum cleaners equipped with high-power motors, dust‑cup or dust‑bag docking stations, charging and automatic cleaning functions, as well as floor cleaning vacuum cleaners that integrate functions of steam cleaning, automatic water refilling, and hot air drying. Multiple reference models intuitively demonstrate how the same technology platform can flexibly adapt to different power levels, structural schemes, and accessory configurations.

KingClean also showcased a series of home fully automatic coffee machines, smoothies and ice-making equipment, as well as desktop intelligent beverage purifiers that supported flexible combinations of sparkling water, ice water, tea brewing, and coffee related modules in the beverage area. These exhibits could be further customized based on the customer’s beverage menus, usage frequency, and after-sales mode.

“We connect globally through innovative products, focusing on smart solutions that improve life and strengthen our leadership in the smart home industry” said Nate Yang, Senior Marketing Director at KingClean Electric Co., Ltd.

About KingClean

KingClean was founded in 1994 and is headquartered in Suzhou, China. The company specializes in high-end smart home appliances and mechatronic products, with motor as our core technology.

For more information, visit http://www.kingclean.com.

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SOURCE KingClean

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Husqvarna Group: INTERIM REPORT JANUARY – SEPTEMBER 2026

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STOCKHOLM, Oct. 21, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — 

Consistent strategy execution in a continued challenging market 

Third quarter 2026

Net sales decreased organically by 5%.Net sales decreased by 2% to SEK 9,012m (9,204), and included a positive impact of 3% from changes in exchange rates.Operating income amounted to SEK -334m (141) and the operating margin was -3.7% (1.5).Items affecting comparability (IAC) amounted to SEK -88m. These were primarily related to the execution of cost-saving initiatives.Excluding IAC, operating income amounted to SEK -246m (140), and the operating margin was -2.7% (1.5).Earnings per share (EPS) after dilution amounted to SEK -0.70 (-0.02) and EPS excluding IAC and after dilution amounted to SEK -0.58 (-0.02).Free operating cash flow was SEK 2,422m (2,423).Net debt was SEK 9.4bn (9.9).

January – September 2026

Net sales decreased organically by 2%.Net sales decreased by 5% to SEK 37,356m (39,184), and included an impact of -3% from changes in exchange rates.Operating income amounted to SEK 2,977m (3,735) and the operating margin was 8.0% (9.5).Items affecting comparability (IAC) amounted to SEK -445m. These were primarily related to the execution of cost-saving initiatives.Excluding IAC, operating income amounted to SEK 3,421m (3,742), and the operating margin was 9.2% (9.5).IEEPA-related tariff refunds of SEK 240m were recognized in COGS during the second quarter.Earnings per share (EPS) after dilution amounted to SEK 3.14 (4.43) and EPS excluding IAC and after dilution amounted to SEK 3.74 (4.44).Free operating cash flow was SEK 4,891m (4,743).

CEO Comment

We are making solid progress on our strategic priorities. Our cost savings program remains on track, recent product launches are receiving encouraging customer feedback, and we are broadening our presence across sales channels. Although these measures have not yet fully offset current market headwinds, they reinforce our confidence in the Group’s long-term competitiveness and prospects.

Financial performance summary

Net sales were SEK 9,012m (9,204), representing an organic decline of 5% in the quarter, primarily driven by continued weakness in Europe. Organic sales in the Husqvarna Forest & Garden Division declined by 10%, sales in the Husqvarna Construction Division were unchanged, while the Gardena Division delivered solid organic growth of 8%. Performance in the Husqvarna Forest & Garden Division was significantly affected by the widespread drought across large parts of Europe and continued weak consumer demand in key markets, including Germany and France. In contrast, strong growth in the Gardena Division’s Watering business highlighted the resilience of our diversified portfolio, gaining market shares in key markets, and the Husqvarna Construction Division has continued good momentum in its aftermarket business. I am also encouraged by continued growth across all three divisions in North America.

Operating income excluding IAC was SEK -246m (140), corresponding to a margin of -2.7% (1.5). The result reflected lower volumes in the Husqvarna Forest & Garden Division, an unfavorable product mix, inventory reductions and cost increases on raw materials and logistics costs. Free operating cash flow was stable at SEK 2,422m (2,423), as lower operating income was offset by changes in working capital, primarily driven by reduced inventories. We further strengthened the balance sheet, reducing net debt to SEK 9.4bn (9.9).

Executing on cost savings while navigating cost headwinds

Our transformative cost savings program remains on track to deliver SEK 3bn in gross savings by the end of 2028. Year-to-date savings reached approximately SEK 935m, including around SEK 305m in the third quarter, driven mainly by sourcing activities and personnel reductions. However, lower volumes, inventory reductions and cost headwinds continue to weigh on profitability. We are responding with targeted price increases, supply chain actions and product cost optimization, which will partly offset these pressures, although near-term headwinds are expected to remain.

We are advancing our asset-light strategy through further outsourcing initiatives. We will transfer production of selected Husqvarna-branded battery handheld products from Europe to Asia, using both our own facilities and external partners to enhance efficiency and competitiveness.

In addition, the ongoing discontinuation of the stone diamond tool business in the Construction Division, the phase-out of our Brastad component factory in the Husqvarna Forest & Garden Division and relocation of selected activities within Gardena’s European manufacturing network are progressing according to plan.

Unlocking the next phase of robotics growth

Our robotic lawn mowing business faced a difficult quarter, with adverse weather, competitive headwinds, and elevated channel partner inventories in Europe constraining demand for Husqvarna- and Gardena-branded products. Although recent performance has fallen short of expectations, we remain the clear market leader and we are confident in our strategy and longer-term development.

The strategic review of the Powered Garden BPU in the Gardena Division is ongoing and we aim to provide an update in the beginning of next year. Our priorities in the Husqvarna Forest & Garden Residential Robotics BPU include expanding our retail footprint and product range across price points and channels, strengthening the robotics organization and development model.

During the quarter, the US became the largest market in terms of sales for our Professional Robotics BPU, driven mainly by continued growth in the golf segment. Upcoming product launches and broader US distribution are expected to further strengthen our competitive position next season. We are also encouraged to be the first robotics company to receive conditional approval from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for foreign-produced advanced robotic devices in the US market.

Building a stronger, more competitive Husqvarna Group

We are accelerating change across the Group to create a leaner, more agile and asset-light organization. By challenging established ways of working, simplifying operations and acting decisively, we are strengthening competitiveness and profitability in the longer-term. Significant work remains, but I am confident we are moving in the right direction.

When consumer sentiment recovers, particularly in Europe, we will be well positioned to capture growth and improve earnings.

Glen Instone, CEO

Webcast presentation and telephone conference

A webcast presentation of the Q3 report hosted by Glen Instone, CEO and Patrik Johnson, CFO will be held at 9:00 CEST on Oct 21, 2026.
To view the presentation, please use this link.
The dial-in to the telephone conference (to ask questions):
+46 (0) 8 505 100 31 (Sweden) or +44 203 059 58 63 (UK)

Contact
Emelie Alm, Vice President, Investor Relations
+46 70 514 64 14

Husqvarna AB (publ), P.O. Box 7454, SE-103 92 Stockholm
Hälsingegatan 49, +46 8 738 90 00, www.husqvarnagroup.com

Reg. Nr: 556000-5331

(NASDAQ STOCKHOLM: HUSQ-A) (NASDAQ STOCKHOLM: HUSQ-B)

This report contains insider information that Husqvarna AB is required to disclose under the EU Market Abuse Regulation. The information was submitted for publication, through the contact person set out above, at 07:00 CEST on Oct 21, 2026.

Factors affecting forward-looking statements

This report contains some forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may give rise to major deviations in the result due to several aspects. These aspects include, among other things: consumer demand and market conditions in the geographical areas and lines of business in which Husqvarna operates, the effects of currency fluctuations, downward pressure on prices due to competition, success in developing new products, outcome of product responsibility litigation and progress in terms of reaching the goals set for productivity and efficient use of capital.

This information was brought to you by Cision http://news.cision.com

https://news.cision.com/husqvarna-group/r/interim-report-january—september-2026,c4412543

The following files are available for download:

https://mb.cision.com/Main/996/4412543/4328797.pdf

Interim report Q3 2026 Husqvarna Group

 

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SOURCE Husqvarna Group

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