Technology
Cango Inc. Reports First Quarter 2025 Unaudited Financial Results
Published
1 year agoon
By
SHANGHAI, May 14, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — Cango Inc. (NYSE: CANG) (“Cango” or the “Company”) today announced its unaudited financial results for the first quarter of 2025.
First Quarter 2025 Financial and Operational Highlights
Total revenues were RMB1.1 billion (US$145.2 million), a significant increase from RMB64.4 million in the same period of 2024. This surge was primarily attributable to our Bitcoin mining business, which generated revenues of RMB1.0 billion (US$144.2 million) in the quarter.
A total of 1,541 Bitcoins were mined during the quarter. The average cost to mine Bitcoin, excluding depreciation of mining machines, was US$70,602.1 per Bitcoin in the quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA was RMB27.6 million (US$3.8 million) in the first quarter of 2025.
The total balance of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments was RMB2.5 billion (US$347.4 million) as of March 31, 2025.
The total outstanding balance of financing transactions the Company facilitated was RMB2.6 billion (US$358.4 million) as of March 31, 2025. Our credit risk exposure has decreased, with only RMB762.4 million (US$105.1 million) of outstanding loan balances where the Company bears credit risks that have not been provided with full bad debt allowance or full risk assurance liabilities. M1+ and M3+ overdue ratios for all outstanding financing transactions facilitated by the Company that have not been provided with full bad debt allowance or full risk assurance liabilities were 2.86% and 1.59%, respectively, as of March 31, 2025, compared with 3.24% and 1.78%, respectively, as of December 31, 2024.
Mr. Jiayuan Lin, Chief Executive Officer of Cango, commented, “The first quarter of 2025 marked a new chapter of growth for Cango following our entry into the Bitcoin mining industry in November 2024. Fueled by the strong performance of our mining operations, we generated total revenues of RMB1.1 billion for the quarter. Throughout the quarter, we focused on enhancing our operational efficiency and mined a total of 1,541 Bitcoins, up substantially from 933.8 Bitcoins last quarter. By the end of April, we produced 2,945 Bitcoins from the inception of our Bitcoin mining business.”
“Given our strong confidence in the Bitcoin‘s long-term value appreciation potential, we have adopted a “Mine and Hold” strategy, prioritizing both self-mining and long-term holding. Currently, we operate 32 EH/s of computing power, positioning us among the world’s top-tier Bitcoin miners. We expect to add another 18 EH/s by the end of July 2025. Looking ahead, we will continue to consolidate and optimize our existing computing resources to maximize efficiency while actively exploring high-quality M&A opportunities to further scale our operations and deliver long-term value to all stakeholders,” concluded Mr. Lin.
Mr. Yongyi Zhang, Chief Financial Officer of Cango, stated, “We are pleased to report another solid financial performance this quarter, highlighted by total revenue of RMB1.1 billion and a strong balance sheet. We also continued to reduce our credit risk exposure, further bolstering our financial position and flexibility. Supported by this robust foundation, we are well-positioned to expand the Bitcoin mining business and holistically drive the Company’s growth.”
First Quarter 2025 Financial Results
REVENUES
Total revenues in the first quarter of 2025 were RMB1.1 billion (US$145.2 million), compared with RMB64.4 million in the same period of 2024. The significant year-over-year increase was primarily driven by the Bitcoin mining business launched in November 2024.
Revenue from the Bitcoin mining business was RMB1.0 billion (US$144.2 million), with a total of 1,541 Bitcoins mined in the first quarter of 2025.
Revenue from automotive trading-related income[1] was RMB7.6 million (US$1.0 million), compared with RMB64.4 million in the same period of 2024.
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
Total operating costs and expenses in the first quarter of 2025 were RMB1.2 billion (US$166.7 million). These costs were primarily associated with our Bitcoin mining business.
Cost of revenue in the first quarter of 2025 was RMB955.1 million (US$131.6 million), compared with RMB29.1 million in the same period of 2024.
Sales and marketing expenses in the first quarter of 2025 were RMB415,981 (US$57,324), compared with RMB3.5 million in the same period of 2024.
General and administrative expenses in the first quarter of 2025 were RMB92.5 million (US$12.8 million), compared with RMB37.9 million in the same period of 2024.
Research and development expenses in the first quarter of 2025 were RMB324,991 (US$44,785), compared with RMB1.1 million in the same period of 2024.
Net gain on contingent risk assurance liabilities in the first quarter of 2025 was RMB5.3 million (US$726,124), compared with RMB15.0 million in the same period of 2024.
Net recovery on provision for credit losses in the first quarter of 2025 was RMB28.7 million (US$4.0 million), compared with RMB66.3 million in the same period of 2024.
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
Loss from operations in the first quarter of 2025 was RMB155.5 million (US$21.4 million) compared with income from operations of RMB74.2 million in the same period of 2024.
NET INCOME (LOSS) AND NET INCOME (LOSS) PER ADS
Net loss in the first quarter of 2025 was RMB207.4 million (US$28.6 million) compared with net income of RMB90.0 million in the same period of 2024. Basic and diluted net loss per American Depositary Share (the “ADS”) in the first quarter of 2025 were both RMB2.00 (US$0.28). Each ADS represents two Class A ordinary shares of the Company.
ADJUSTED EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA in the first quarter of 2025 was RMB27.6 million (US$3.8 million) compared with RMB108.4 million in the same period of 2024.
BALANCE SHEET
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of RMB2.5 billion (US$346.7 million) compared with RMB1.3 billion as of December 31, 2024.
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had short-term investments of RMB5.2 million (US$715,049) compared with RMB1.2 billion as of December 31, 2024.
Business Outlook
We currently maintain a deployed hashrate of 32 EH, demonstrating our operational resilience. As part of our continued commitment to growth and scaling our capabilities, we are targeting a substantial increase in our hashrate over the coming months. We are on track to grow our deployed hashrate to approximately 50 EH before the end of July. This increase is expected to be driven by the closing of our share-settled acquisition of Bitcoin mining assets, positioning us to strengthen our competitive advantage and increase operational efficiency.
Share Repurchase Program
Pursuant to the share repurchase program announced on April 23, 2024, the Company had repurchased 996,640 ADSs with cash in the aggregate amount of approximately US$1.7 million as of April 25, 2025, the day on which the program expired.
Conference Call Information
The Company’s management will hold a conference call on Wednesday, May 14, 2025, at 9:00 P.M. Eastern Time or Thursday, May 15, 2025, at 9:00 A.M. Beijing Time to discuss the financial results. Listeners may access the call by dialing the following numbers:
International:
+1-412-902-4272
United States Toll Free:
+1-888-346-8982
Mainland China Toll Free:
4001-201-203
Hong Kong, China Toll Free:
800-905-945
Conference ID:
Cango Inc.
The replay will be accessible through May 21, 2025, by dialing the following numbers:
International:
+1-412-317-0088
United States Toll Free:
+1-877-344-7529
Access Code:
8016651
A live and archived webcast of the conference call will also be available at the Company’s investor relations website at http://ir.cangoonline.com.
About Cango Inc.
Cango Inc. (NYSE: CANG) primarily operates a leading Bitcoin mining business. Cango has deployed its mining operation across strategic locations including North America, Middle East, South America, and East Africa. Cango expanded into the crypto assets market in November 2024, driven by the development in blockchain technology, increasing prevalence of crypto assets and its endeavor to diversify its business. Meanwhile, Cango has continued to operate the automotive transaction service in China since 2010, aiming to make car purchases simple and enjoyable. For more information, please visit: www.cangoonline.com.
Definition of Overdue Ratios
The Company defines “M1+ overdue ratio” as (i) exposure at risk relating to financing transactions for which any installment payment is 30 to 179 calendar days past due as of a specified date, divided by (ii) exposure at risk relating to all financing transactions which remain outstanding as of such date, excluding amounts of outstanding principal that are 180 calendar days or more past due.
The Company defines “M3+ overdue ratio” as (i) exposure at risk relating to financing transactions for which any installment payment is 90 to 179 calendar days past due as of a specified date, divided by (ii) exposure at risk relating to all financing transactions which remain outstanding as of such date, excluding amounts of outstanding principal that are 180 calendar days or more past due.
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measure
As part of our review of business performance, we present adjusted EBITDA as Non-GAAP financial measure to help assess our core operating results. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, and further excludes share-based compensation expenses and other non-operating income and expenses. We believe Adjusted EBITDA can be an important financial measure because it allows management, investors, and our board of directors to evaluate and compare our operating results, including our return on capital and operating efficiency from period-to-period by making such adjustments.
While adjusted EBITDA is not a measure defined under U.S. GAAP, management uses it to evaluate performance, make strategic decisions, and set operating plans. Management believes it also helps investors gain a clearer understanding of our underlying performance by excluding certain costs and expenses that management believes are not indicative of its core operating results. The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for results or guidance prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The Company compensates for these limitations by reconciling the Non-GAAP financial measure to the nearest U.S. GAAP performance measure, all of which should be considered when evaluating the Company’s performance. The Company encourages you to review its financial information in its entirety and not rely on a single financial measure.
Reconciliations of Cango’s Non-GAAP financial measure to the most comparable U.S. GAAP measure are included at the end of this press release.
Exchange Rate Information
This announcement contains translations of certain RMB amounts into U.S. dollars (“US$”) at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise stated, all translations from RMB to US$ were made at the rate of RMB7.2567 to US$1.00, the noon buying rate in effect on March 31, 2025, in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board. The Company makes no representation that the RMB or US$ amounts referred could be converted into US$ or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all.
Safe Harbor Statement
This announcement contains forward-looking statements. These statements are made under the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “will,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and similar statements. Among other things, the “Business Outlook” section and quotations from management in this announcement, contain forward-looking statements. Cango may also make written or oral forward-looking statements in its periodic reports to the SEC, in its annual report to shareholders, in press releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by its officers, directors or employees to third parties. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about Cango’s beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. A number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement, including but not limited to the following: Cango’s goal and strategies; Cango’s expansion plans; Cango’s future business development, financial condition and results of operations; Cango’s expectations regarding demand for, and market acceptance of, its solutions and services; Cango’s expectations regarding keeping and strengthening its relationships with dealers, financial institutions, car buyers and other platform participants; general economic and business conditions; and assumptions underlying or related to any of the foregoing. Further information regarding these and other risks is included in Cango’s filings with the SEC. All information provided in this press release and in the attachments is as of the date of this press release, and Cango does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, except as required under applicable law.
Investor Relations Contact
Yihe Liu
Cango Inc.
Tel: +86 21 3183 5088 ext.5581
Email: ir@cangoonline.com
Helen Wu
Piacente Financial Communications
Tel: +86 10 6508 0677
Email: ir@cangoonline.com
[1] Revenue from automotive trading related income consists revenues generated from loan facilitation income and other related income, guarantee income, leasing income, after-market services income, automotive trading income and others.
CANGO INC.
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Amounts in Renminbi (“RMB”) and US dollar (“US$”), except for number of shares and per share data)
As of December 31,
2024
As of March 31,
2025
(Audited)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
RMB
RMB
US$
ASSETS:
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
1,289,629,981
2,515,712,358
346,674,433
Restricted cash – current
10,813,746
11,210,722
1,544,879
Short-term investments, net
1,231,171,751
5,188,899
715,049
Accounts receivable, net
22,991,951
15,801,108
2,177,451
Finance lease receivables – current, net
20,685,475
19,332,969
2,664,154
Financing receivables, net
5,685,096
3,722,236
512,938
Short-term contract asset, net
33,719,944
19,860,987
2,736,917
Prepayments and other current assets, net
226,352,004
362,016,043
49,887,145
Receivable for bitcoin collateral, net
617,057,765
1,464,654,137
201,834,737
Total current assets
3,458,107,713
4,417,499,459
608,747,703
Non-current assets:
Restricted cash – non-current
287,425,602
161,939,581
22,315,871
Long-term investment
–
400,000,000
55,121,474
Mining machines, net
1,772,319,041
1,619,608,093
223,187,963
Property and equipment, net
6,634,509
6,205,894
855,195
Intangible assets, net
47,425,617
47,259,479
6,512,530
Long-term contract asset, net
17,551,040
348,864
48,075
Finance lease receivables – non-current, net
9,309,227
3,648,111
502,723
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
40,788,977
38,789,517
5,345,338
Other non-current assets, net
329,761,833
359,761,832
49,576,506
Total non-current assets
2,511,215,846
2,637,561,371
363,465,675
TOTAL ASSETS
5,969,323,559
7,055,060,830
972,213,378
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term debts
124,584,293
790,393,522
108,919,140
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
1,348,300,779
1,999,990,186
275,606,016
Deferred guarantee income
11,787,712
7,974,712
1,098,945
Contingent risk assurance liabilities
31,190,425
20,979,625
2,891,070
Income tax payable
311,130,341
314,258,152
43,305,931
Short-term lease liabilities
7,912,420
7,639,264
1,052,719
Total current liabilities
1,834,905,970
3,141,235,461
432,873,821
Non-current liabilities:
Deferred tax liability
10,724,133
10,724,133
1,477,825
Long-term operating lease liabilities
37,044,466
35,769,502
4,929,169
Other non-current liabilities
19,118
18,131
2,499
Total non-current liabilities
47,787,717
46,511,766
6,409,493
Total liabilities
1,882,693,687
3,187,747,227
439,283,314
Shareholders’ equity
Ordinary shares
199,087
199,087
27,434
Treasury shares
(756,517,941)
(754,199,105)
(103,931,416)
Additional paid-in capital
4,725,877,432
4,749,907,787
654,554,796
Accumulated other comprehensive income
152,882,024
114,572,087
15,788,456
Accumulated deficit
(35,810,730)
(243,166,253)
(33,509,206)
Total Cango Inc.’s equity
4,086,629,872
3,867,313,603
532,930,064
Total shareholders’ equity
4,086,629,872
3,867,313,603
532,930,064
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
5,969,323,559
7,055,060,830
972,213,378
CANGO INC.
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Amounts in Renminbi (“RMB”) and US dollar (“US$”), except for number of shares and per share data)
Three months ended March 31
2024
2025
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
RMB
RMB
US$
Revenues
64,422,494
1,053,883,166
145,228,984
Bitcoin mining income
–
1,046,266,997
144,179,448
Loan facilitation income and other related income
13,821,022
(829,251)
(114,274)
Guarantee income
30,259,581
4,043,650
557,230
Leasing income
4,939,712
2,088,483
287,801
After-market services income
11,637,788
776,803
107,046
Automobile trading income
3,445,040
70,796
9,756
Others
319,351
1,465,688
201,977
Operating cost and expenses:
Cost of revenue
29,058,868
955,091,082
131,615,070
Sales and marketing
3,548,273
415,981
57,324
General and administrative
37,923,531
92,536,718
12,751,901
Research and development
1,098,105
324,991
44,785
Net gain on contingent risk assurance liabilities
(15,018,246)
(5,269,261)
(726,124)
Net recovery on provision for credit losses
(66,339,084)
(28,702,162)
(3,955,264)
Loss from change in fair value of receivable for bitcoin collateral
–
194,957,999
26,865,931
Total operation cost and expense
(9,728,553)
1,209,355,348
166,653,623
(Loss) income from operations
74,151,047
(155,472,182)
(21,424,639)
Interest income
16,503,965
2,152,469
296,618
Net investment income
10,984,524
–
–
Interest expense
–
(9,517,781)
(1,311,585)
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net
131,689
(818,002)
(112,724)
Other income
832,551
13,609,872
1,875,491
Other expenses
(535,390)
(54,180,931)
(7,466,332)
Net income (loss) before income taxes
102,068,386
(204,226,555)
(28,143,171)
Income tax expense
(12,041,600)
(3,128,968)
(431,183)
Net income (loss)
90,026,786
(207,355,523)
(28,574,354)
Net income (loss) attributable to Cango Inc.’s shareholders
90,026,786
(207,355,523)
(28,574,354)
Earnings (losses) per ADS attributable to ordinary shareholders:
Basic
0.85
(2.00)
(0.28)
Diluted
0.80
(2.00)
(0.28)
Weighted average ADS used to compute earnings per ADS attributable to
ordinary shareholders:
Basic
105,521,018
103,783,087
103,783,087
Diluted
112,786,810
103,783,087
103,783,087
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustment
20,894,928
(38,309,937)
(5,279,250)
Total comprehensive income (loss)
110,921,714
(245,665,460)
(33,853,604)
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Cango Inc.’s shareholders
110,921,714
(245,665,460)
(33,853,604)
CANGO INC.
RECONCILIATIONS OF GAAP AND NON-GAAP RESULTS
(Amounts in Renminbi (“RMB”) and US dollar (“US$”), except for number of shares and per share data
Three months ended March 31
2024
2025
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
RMB
RMB
US$
Net (loss) income
90,026,786
(207,355,523)
(28,574,354)
Add: Interest expense
–
9,517,781
1,311,585
Add: Income tax expenses
12,041,600
3,128,968
431,183
Add: Depreciation and amortization
927,576
155,503,915
21,429,012
Cost of revenue
–
154,944,205
21,351,882
General and administrative
879,591
559,710
77,130
Research and development
47,985
–
–
Add: Other expenses
535,390
54,180,931
7,466,332
Less: Other income
832,551
13,609,872
1,875,491
Add: Share-based compensation expenses
5,717,422
26,187,822
3,608,778
Cost of revenue
254,391
58,766
8,098
Sales and marketing
1,046,659
339,524
46,788
General and administrative
4,416,372
25,783,442
3,553,053
Research and development
–
6,090
839
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA
108,416,223
27,554,022
3,797,045
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA attributable to Cango Inc.’s shareholders
108,416,223
27,554,022
3,797,045
View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cango-inc-reports-first-quarter-2025-unaudited-financial-results-302455386.html
SOURCE Cango Inc.
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U.S. News & World Report Reveals the 2027 Best Places to Retire
Published
32 minutes agoon
October 27, 2026By
Affordability is a top priority for attendees as Midland, Michigan, holds No. 1 spot.
Summary
Midland, Michigan, is the No. 1 Best Place to Retire for the second year in a row.Affordability is the most considered factor when choosing a place to retire in 2027.Florida and Texas dominate the top 250 Best Places to Retire, offering a number of affordable and retiree-tax friendly locations.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 27, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — U.S. News & World Report, the global authority in rankings and consumer advice, today revealed the 2027 Best Places to Retire in the United States.
Midland, Michigan, retained the No. 1 rank for the second year in a row. Midland scored high in affordability and retiree taxes, helping it to lock in the top spot.
“Retirees are seeking a place that gives them a sense of security and comfort as they live out their golden years,” said Megan Wood, assistant managing editor, home services and real estate. “Whether that comfort prioritizes scenic nature spots, access to multi-cultural experiences, or everyday affordability, places like Midland, Michigan, offer financial safety while still providing a good quality of life.”
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“It’s no secret that affordability is top of mind for Americans this year, which is why U.S. News updated its weighting criteria to better align with what retirees prioritize,” Wood said. “The 2027 rankings reflect key metrics used to highlight the places that best suit retiree needs.”
U.S. News evaluated more than 850 U.S. cities – publishing the top 250 places – based on how well they meet American retirees’ expectations against measures including quality of life, affordability, healthcare, retiree taxes, job market, and population and migration for retirees aged 55 and older.
The six measures factored into this year’s rankings were weighted based on a public survey of individuals across the U.S. who are at or approaching retirement age (45 and older) to find out what matters most to people when they’re considering where to retire. Resources include federal, state and local data provided by Applied Geographic Solutions, which includes data sourced from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting program, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Bureau of Economic Analysis and U.S. News’ Best Hospitals rankings. To learn more about how the rankings are determined, read the Best Places to Retire methodology.
Best Places to Retire is part of U.S. News’ Real Estate section, which provides rankings and tools to help individuals navigate the housing market, including home value estimates to working with an agent.
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*See the full rankings here.
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About U.S. News & World Report
U.S. News & World Report is the global leader for journalism that empowers consumers, citizens, business leaders and policy officials to make confident decisions in all aspects of their lives and communities. A multifaceted media company, U.S. News provides unbiased rankings, independent reporting and analysis, and consumer advice to millions of people on USNews.com each month. A pillar in Washington for more than 90 years, U.S. News is the trusted home for in-depth and exclusive insights on education, health, politics, the economy, insurance, personal finance, travel, automobiles, real estate, careers and consumer products and services.
View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/us-news–world-report-reveals-the-2027-best-places-to-retire-302920068.html
SOURCE U.S. News & World Report, L.P.
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IBM Introduces Identity and Control for AI Agents, Securing Frontier Intelligence for the Enterprise
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ATLANTA, Oct. 27, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — At TechXchange 2026, IBM (NYSE: IBM) is announcing new capabilities to help developers, IT and security teams put AI agents to work across business systems with clear authority and accountability. IBM brings together agent discovery, verified identities, access controls and performance evaluation to help organizations understand who owns each agent, control what it can access, and trace its actions across existing applications and infrastructure.
According to Gartner, by 2028 the average Fortune 500 enterprise will use over 150,000 AI agents. But only 13% of organizations believe that they have the right AI agent governance in place [1]. Persistent credentials, unclear ownership and disconnected controls make it harder to govern agents as they interact with other agents, invoke tools and act across teams, platforms and clouds.
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Today’s announcements extend IBM’s portfolio to deliver an AI operating model of four essential systems working together: agents, data, automation and hybrid infrastructure. This starts with the trust and control every agent needs – a verified identity, only the access it needs, and one place to discover, secure and evaluate agents regardless of where they were built.
Extending HashiCorp Vault to AI agents
HashiCorp Vault manages the secrets and credentials that applications and services use to access business systems. It provides that control through centrally managed secrets, automated rotation for supported credentials, and dynamically generated credentials that expire or can be revoked. These capabilities help reduce the time exposed credentials remain usable and limit access to the permissions configured for each role.
HashiCorp Vault already secures non-human identities for organizations including ABN AMRO, Adobe, athenahealth, BBVA, BlackRock, Canva, Duke Energy, Expedia, London Stock Exchange, Starbucks, Swiss Federal Railways and Target, across systems that process billions of dollars in transactions [2]. HashiCorp will now extend those capabilities to AI agents, issuing secured, short-lived credentials that limit each agent to what it needs.
Establishing agent identity and accountability
AI agents are a growing class of non-human identity, alongside applications and services. As they begin acting across business systems, enterprises need a clear record of who owns each agent and what authority it has been granted. HashiCorp is combining governed agent identity with credential controls to help organizations delegate work with defined authority and accountability.
When used with HashiCorp Vault, Agent Identity establishes the authoritative record for each agent, such as who owns it, its lifecycle status and the authority it has been granted. Built to extend existing identity and security investments, it shares relevant identity and authorization context with Vault’s credential controls – ultimately enforcing least-privilege access and enabling real-time revocation when an agent attempts an unauthorized action.
Controlling agent credentials and access
Identifying an agent is only the start. Enterprises also need to control the credentials it uses to reach databases, applications and cloud services – and how long those credentials remain valid. As agents invoke tools and act across business systems, their credentials become a critical security boundary. An agent with a long-lived, overprivileged credential can put systems and data at risk if it’s compromised or acts outside its intended task. Enterprises need to establish what each agent’s job is, limit the access it receives and revoke that access when circumstances change.
These controls extend beyond initial authentication. If an agent attempts to retrieve information or perform actions outside its approved permissions, the access can be denied and session revoked in real time to prevent unauthorized activity. Vault’s short-lived credentials and least-privilege controls can further restrict what an agent accesses and the duration of those permissions.
Additional capabilities include:
Vault 2.2 gives agents their own secured accounts, automatically renews their credentials and incorporates post-quantum encryption for quantum-era threats. Secure Hub (public preview) gives companies centralized visibility across their Vault environments to make it easier to understand operational health, usage and security resources.
At TechXchange, client speakers will share how they use Vault to secure enterprise applications, workloads and AI agents
athenahealth: Automating certificate management with Vault’s PKI engine. Albert Einstein College of Medicine: Applying IBM Verify and Vault to AI agent identity, just-in-time access, dynamic secrets and auditability. Optum: Using Vault Radar to detect exposed secrets and Boundary for just-in-time, identity-based access. Seven-Eleven Japan: Centralizing and encrypting secrets with Vault Enterprise and detecting hardcoded secrets with Vault Radar. Yum! Brands: Building an identity security platform with IBM Verify, with a look ahead to machine identities and secrets management.
“AI presents extraordinary opportunities to accelerate biomedical research and discovery, but realizing its potential requires a foundation of security, trust, and responsible governance,” said Shailesh M. Shenoy, Assistant Dean for Information Technology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. “In my experience, technologies such as IBM Verify and HashiCorp Vault can play an important role in helping organizations establish the identity, access, and security controls needed to innovate with confidence.”
Managing agents across platforms
Identity tells organizations what an agent is. But they also need to see every agent they have, wherever it was built. IBM watsonx Orchestrate works across the AI ecosystem, not inside a single vendor’s platform, to give organizations one place to discover, secure and evaluate their agents. Capabilities include:
Discover (tech preview): Organizations can’t govern agents they don’t know exist. Orchestrate connects to platforms such as Amazon Bedrock, Microsoft Foundry and Google Gemini to find agents built in third-party environments, so teams can see and manage agents instead of adding them manually. This capability also extends to models and MCP servers. Contain (tech preview): One rogue agent can disrupt others and spread mistakes across the business. Orchestrate now runs agents in isolated sandboxes so a rogue agent can’t interfere with others. Teams also now have access to a kill switch to shut down any agent. Evaluate: Agents that aren’t tested and tracked can quietly drift off course and increase costs. Teams using Orchestrate can now test the quality, accuracy and compliance of agents, models and MCP servers before deployment, then monitor them in production. Built-in cost tracking shows each agent’s model and token use, so teams can spot what’s driving spend and fix it.
Orchestrate also works with Vault’s credential controls and Agent Identity to establish what each agent’s job is, govern its authority and enforce least-privilege credential access. Together, these controls help organizations authorize and audit agent actions and rapidly revoke trust and credentials when risk changes.
Connecting agents to the business
Once agents are authorized to use a company’s APIs and tools, they need to know what already exists, how systems connect, what can be reused safely and what their actions could affect. IBM Integration Intelligence Hub is built to provide that knowledge through its Unified Context Engine, so agents can fix problems like stuck messages or deploy an API using what’s already in place. Skills, approval policies and audit controls keep those actions in check. Instead of rebuilding for AI, organizations can put agents to work on the systems they already depend on.
Scaling agents with NVIDIA
Agent Identity and HashiCorp Vault integrate with NVIDIA OpenShell secure runtime software, the foundation of the NVIDIA OpenShell Architecture. Together, they pair a protected environment for agents to run in with a verified identity and short-lived credentials for every agent, so each action can be traced, limited and reviewed.
“Businesses need enforceable control over how agents operate and what they can access,” said John Fanelli, vice president, enterprise software, NVIDIA. “Our work with IBM combines NVIDIA OpenShell’s policy-governed runtime with Agent Identity and HashiCorp Vault to help enterprises scale AI agents with secure execution, verified identities and tightly scoped access to business systems.”
Responding to Emerging Security Threats
When new vulnerabilities are discovered, enterprises must quickly identify affected systems, determine required changes and deploy fixes without disrupting critical operations. In complex environments, this process often involves multiple teams, tools and processes.
IBM Concert integrates observability, optimization, incident management and security across applications, infrastructure and networks. With AI-powered insights and proof of exploitability, Concert helps teams to identify high-risk vulnerabilities, assess operational impact, and coordinate responses. These capabilities also help organizations address performance, manage costs and maintain resilience in hybrid environments.
HashiCorp Terraform provides an infrastructure context and governed workflows for change implementation. New features now generally available and in public preview, including Terraform policy, Terraform Developer Portal and Terraform remote MCP server, enable developers and AI agents to access approved configurations and implement infrastructure changes through established controls. Terraform powered by Infragraph also helps teams understand infrastructure relationships and dependencies for more informed decisions.
Together, these capabilities enable organizations to progress from identifying vulnerabilities to implementing and verifying remediation, while optimizing the visibility and governance essential for enterprise operations.
A comprehensive system intelligence and change orchestration layer for IBM Z
IBM Z Atlas maps a client’s entire z/OS stack across infrastructure, middleware, and applications, and then uses that intelligence to address the manual effort of tasks like patch management, regulatory response, and sharing system knowledge across teams, from systems programmers to application developers. Atlas addresses the leading cause of unplanned z/OS outages – changes that aren’t proven to be safe – by mapping how a change impacts the z/OS stack and testing and validating it. This design (in tech preview) accelerates clients’ modernization efforts by keeping experts in control and giving practitioners, in operations or development, the same shared Z system visibility to reduce risk.
Availability
HashiCorp Vault 2.2, Agent Identity, watsonx Orchestrate evaluate capabilities, IBM Concert, and HashiCorp Terraform policy are generally available. Secure Hub, Terraform Developer Portal, Terraform remote MCP server, and IBM Z Atlas are in public preview. IBM Integration Intelligence Hub and watsonx Orchestrate discover and contain capabilities are in tech preview.
Statements regarding IBM’s future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice and represent goals and objectives only.
Learn more
IBM TechXchange is IBM’s annual conference for developers and technology practitioners and brings together nearly 6,500 attendees from 85 countries. This year, the event incorporates HashiConf to bring together the HashiCorp community with practitioners from across IBM, Red Hat and Confluent. Attendees can choose from more than 1,000 sessions and experiences, including 180 hands-on labs, 260 client-led sessions and more than 50 certification exams. Speakers include American Airlines, Bradesco, Citi, CVS Health, Deutsche Bank, DoorDash, Hertz, and US Bancorp who will share how they are making AI enterprise ready.
Session livestream and replays will be available here: ibm.biz/txc26-livestream.
Supporting Materials
Strengthen security for agentic AI with new Vault, Verify, Boundary, and Secure Hub capabilities IBM Agent Identity now generally available: Building Trust for the Agentic Era Vault Enterprise 2.2 advances identity security, PKI, and cryptoagility Announcing the public preview of Secure Hub: govern Vault at scale IBM watsonx Orchestrate advances AI agent management with new capabilities IBM Integration Intelligence Hub gives AI the context to act, not just access IBM Concert platform advances the path to cross-domain agentic IT operations Terraform advances infrastructure lifecycle management for the agentic era Introducing IBM Z Atlas: Change Intelligence for IBM Z
[1]: Gartner Identifies Six Steps to Manage AI Agent Sprawl
[2]: HashiCorp Vault client stories
About IBM
IBM is a leading provider of global hybrid cloud and AI, and consulting expertise. We help clients in more than 175 countries capitalize on insights from their data, streamline business processes, reduce costs and gain the competitive edge in their industries. Thousands of governments and corporate entities in critical infrastructure areas such as financial services, telecommunications and healthcare rely on IBM’s hybrid cloud platform and Red Hat OpenShift to affect their digital transformations quickly, efficiently and securely. IBM’s breakthrough innovations in AI, quantum computing, industry-specific cloud solutions and consulting deliver open and flexible options to our clients. All of this is backed by IBM’s long-standing commitment to trust, transparency, responsibility, inclusivity and service. Visit www.ibm.com for more information.
Media contacts:
Sarah Benchaita
IBM
sarah.benchaita@ibm.com
Kate Lehman
IBM
Kate.Lehman@ibm.com
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Technology
Three Blind Spots Leave Industrial Companies Exposed to Critical Mineral Shortages
Published
32 minutes agoon
October 27, 2026By
Boston Consulting Group Finds Industrial Companies Underestimate Their Critical Mineral Exposure, Which Also Limits Their Access to Public CapitalDemand for Key Minerals Is Projected at 120% to 250% of Forecast Supply Through 2040An Estimated $3.5 Trillion of Products Depend on Gallium, a “Mosquito Mineral” Traded in a Market Under $350 Million a YearSome Governments Have Deployed Less Than 10% of Their Critical Minerals Funds
BOSTON, Oct. 27, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — Industrial companies are underestimating their exposure to critical mineral shortages and missing a strategic opportunity as a result, according to new analysis from Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Three blind spots in the metrics that companies rely on hide where the risk sits, including what BCG calls “mosquito minerals,” so small by traded value that they never reach a risk register.
These are among the findings of Why Critical Mineral Shortages Are a CEO Issue, a BCG report released today. BCG’s proprietary model projects demand for key inputs, including rare earths, graphite, copper and lithium, at roughly 120% to 250% of forecast supply through 2040.
“Most industrials track exposure through spend and direct supplier data, and the minerals that can stop a production line are often the ones they spend almost nothing on,” said Tycho Möncks, a BCG managing director and partner and a coauthor of the report. “The question for CEOs and boards is not whether their company is exposed. It is. The question is whether they intend to live with that exposure or turn it into an advantage.”
Small Markets Can Stall Large Industries
Companies often start their risk assessment with the bill of materials, which points them toward high-volume metals such as copper and lithium. Mosquito minerals fall outside that view. Their traded value is tiny, but the value chains that depend on them are not.
Rare earths. The rare earths used in a fighter jet are worth less than the paint that coats the plane.Gallium. The global market is worth under $350 million a year, with production of only about 900 tons, yet BCG estimates about $3.5 trillion of final products depend on it.Arsenic. The upstream market is about $50 million worldwide, yet a single producer supplies roughly 60% of the ultra-high-purity grade used in 5G and 6G infrastructure, data center optics, radar systems, and defense electronics.Byproduct supply. Gallium, germanium and arsenic are recovered as byproducts of other mining and industrial processes, so the host metal’s market sets their supply. Even a sharp price spike may not bring new production.
Exposure Hides Below Tier One Suppliers
A company that buys almost no critical minerals directly can still be acutely exposed because minerals arrive embedded in motors, magnets, power modules, lasers and sensors. They also sit in the tools and processes used to make those components, from crucibles and catalysts to dies and the capital equipment itself.
Turbine blades, engine blocks and structural aerospace components, for example, are machined with cutting tools made of tungsten carbide bonded with cobalt. A manufacturer that has never bought either metal directly can still see production stop if those tools run short, a dependency that appears on no bill of materials.
Companies also tend to map where critical minerals are mined, but for some minerals the bottleneck is processing, not production. A map of where assets sit and a map of who owns them can look very different, so a change of supplier that looks like diversification may leave a company’s exposure unchanged.
Public Capital Is Committed but Largely Unspent
The three blind spots also lead to a strategic miss. The International Energy Agency reports that public finance commitments to critical minerals in advanced economies reached around $65 billion in 2025, more than four times the 2023 level. BCG’s review of government-backed vehicles found the flagship instruments barely deployed, with some countries having spent less than 10% of their allocated capital and others nothing.
These vehicles are designed to draw in private capital, and offtake requirements are typically the main eligibility gate. BCG argues that companies without a clear view of their own exposure cannot make a credible commitment, and so cannot qualify. The funds are not free money: they carry conditions such as reporting obligations and localization requirements, and they represent only about one tenth of the capital needed through 2040. But for industrial companies, BCG says, they are a way to build a competitive advantage.
Several of the companies that have reframed their approach and tapped public capital are industrial companies and trading firms, not miners, and BCG found that in each case the CEO and executive team led the process of identifying and correcting their blind spots.
“These blind spots have a cost beyond risk. The money is there, but it comes with offtake requirements, and a company cannot make a credible commitment without knowing its own exposure,” said Karthik Valluru, a BCG managing director and senior partner who coauthored the report. “Mapping that exposure properly is where the opportunity starts.”
Download the publication here:
https://www.bcg.com/publications/2026/critical-minerals-risk-blind-spots
Media Contact:
Bruce Wraight
wraight.bruce@bcg.com
About Boston Consulting Group
Boston Consulting Group bridges the gap between ambition and outcomes for the world’s leading companies and organizations. We are built for this era of unprecedented change — bringing strategic clarity rooted in over 60 years of deep domain knowledge, combined with applied AI shaped by our practitioners. BCG works shoulder-to-shoulder with CEOs across industries and geographies to deliver transformative impact at scale: stronger returns, transferred capabilities, and change that sticks. For more information, visit bcg.com.
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SOURCE Boston Consulting Group (BCG)
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